What you should know about IBS and digestive trouble in the spotlight on social media
Stress management, meditation and breathwork can help
(AP) - Young people, especially women, are increasingly talking on social media about gastrointestinal distress, such as irritable bowel syndrome or chronic bloating.
Some experts say that’s mostly a good thing, because it may help others seek help for a topic that has been taboo.
But they stress it’s important to realize that many people are being paid to promote sometimes unproven products and there is rampant misinformation.
Here’s what else medical professionals suggest you do if you’re experiencing digestive discomfort.
Making connections and sharing tips online can help, experts say, but they also want people to be careful because what might look like advice could be more like advertising if influencers are being paid to convince people to buy a product.
But doctors are seeing a pattern of more and younger people wanting to deal with their gastrointestinal distress, and they suspect anxiety related to increased isolation during the pandemic is playing a big role in the increase in visits.
Why are more young people talking about digestive problems online?
It’s not clear whether there’s a rise in digestive troubles overall. Some experts attribute the trend to an uptick in anxiety after the pandemic in an already-anxious generation.
Ample research and science shows that our brain and gut are connected through nervous systems. That means when your brain is anxious or you’re feeling depressed, it can relay those signals to your gut, which can make it harder for your gastrointestinal tract to function properly.
The causes of irritable bowel syndrome are unknown, but experts say the nervous system has a big effect on the condition and stress can make symptoms worse.
Dr. Nina Gupta, a gastroenterologist based in Chicago, said managing her patients’ conditions often includes managing their mental health.
How your brain can affect your gut
It’s not clear what causes irritable bowel syndrome. Food sensitivities and gut microbes can play a role, and research indicates that issues with the nervous system can cause distress in the digestive process. Research indicates it can also be a two-way street: When your stomach is upset, that could affect your mental health.
And mental health, especially for Gen Z and younger millennials, is a major concern. While the pandemic took its toll on people of all ages, surveyshave found those age groups reported higher stress and anxiety levels than other generations during and after the pandemic.
A 2023 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that surveyed U.S. high school students during the pandemic showed teen girls’ mental health was severely impacted, with nearly a third reporting that they seriously considered attempting suicide in the previous year.
Anxiety in college-age adults, especially young women, has gone “through the roof” since the early 2010s, said Jean Twenge, a Gen Z mental health expert at San Diego State University. For high schoolers, experts say the anxiety is likely a result of two things: increased isolation during a formative time and a reliance on social media to feel connected.
While changes in diet can improve IBS symptoms, Gupta said a big part of managing her patients’ conditions is for them to “recognize that there’s a connection between their stress or their mental health or their anxiety and their symptoms.”
The scoop on poop
Nadya Okamoto hadn’t pooped in four days. “I’m very bloated,” she said as she joined a Zoom interview from her home in New York City.
Okamoto, who has more than 4 million followers on TikTok, has built her platform around publicly addressing sensitive subjects. The 26-year-old is the founder of August, a period-product company, and frequently posts about her own menstrual cycle.
Some of her most popular posts over the last three years, though, are about her experiences with irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS. Okamoto seems to share her experiences with everything — collecting fecal samples for colon cancer, constipation and bloating.
“It wasn’t until I started dating and being in close relationships and talking about it with my family that I realized … it was not normal pooping three times a month,” Okamoto told The Associated Press.
Seeing the hashtag “IBS” on TikTok led her to the doctor and to a diagnosis. She’s been on three different medications to treat her IBS. None worked.
“From a young age, potty talk is not something that is appropriate, especially for girls,” she said. “We’re not incentivized to be open about it, which means that we know less about our bodies.”
‘Making people feel seen’
Bell, who is Black, fills a specific gap on social media.
“I felt like there weren’t a lot of people who looked like me doing that type of content,” she said. “It’s not only white women who are hot girls with IBS.”
Bell, who takes over-the-counter medications occasionally to treat her symptoms, first started posting on Instagram about her struggle with IBS – how isolating it was and how she felt like she was having to rearrange her life and diet around her food sensitivities – and sharing her diagnosis with her friends.
“It felt kind of like a secret topic that like suddenly everybody in my life had struggled with this, and once you see it, you can’t unsee it,” she said.
Bell sees her role as helping women of color figure out how to start having these uncomfortable conversations about their gut health. “Gut health spans gender, age, race and ethnicity,” she said. “We all poop.”
Misinformation on social media
The downside of more people talking about gut health online is an uptick in misinformation. Some of the most popular TikTok posts on IBS are from people who claim they’ve cured it or found a home remedy that miraculously stopped some symptoms. Others recommend unproven supplements.
A quick scroll of these influencers’ accounts reveal a litany of sponsorships from probiotic or other health food companies. Gupta said viewers should be skeptical when people who aren’t professionals start offering medical advice.
Okamoto and Bell, who has a master’s of public health in nutrition, stick to talking about their own experiences.
Both stressed that one of the best things about the online conversation is making information more accessible.
That said, in December 2023, Bell posted a TikTok video in response to someone asking if they can self-diagnose their IBS with this advice: “I’m always going to recommend you see a medical professional.”
What can I do to relieve digestive pain?
Naidoo said some mindfulness practices like stress management, meditation and breathwork can help. Food sensitivities can trigger IBS symptoms, so adjusting your diet and exercising more also may make a difference.
“Simply doing something like finding a good probiotic that they take, or adding probiotics and fermented foods to their diet slowly and steadily can be good,” she said. “Stress management is a huge part of this. In combination with dietary adjustment, it can be very powerful.”
However, if symptoms worsen or are unmanageable at home, that should be a sign to seek professional help.
When should you go to the doctor?
That depends on the level of your discomfort, said Dr. Uma Naidoo, Massachusetts General Hospital’s director of nutritional and lifestyle psychiatry. She studies the connection between food and the brain. Abrupt changes in bowel habits are concerning, she said, and may require further evaluation.
“For example, someone that didn’t really have digestive issues as a child or throughout their life and then all of a sudden is finding a very severe and significant change in their bowel habits,” she said. “These are all things that we would want someone to talk to their doctor about.”
And if you see blood in your stool — no matter the quantity or degree of frequency — or have ongoing diarrhea for more than a couple of weeks, seek care immediately.
