(Reuters) - The National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics on Monday banned transgender women from competing in women's sports, taking a more hardline stance than other athletic bodies that allow trans athletes to compete based on testosterone levels.
The NAIA, representing mostly small colleges, is less influential than the larger National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) but its decision carries some political weight in the wider U.S. debate about transgender rights.
"Only NAIA student-athletes whose biological sex is female may participate in NAIA-sponsored female sports," the association said in its policy, opens new tab.
Female athletes who have begun masculinizing hormone therapy may participate in internal workouts, practices and team activities but are banned from external competition. Any eligible athlete may participate in men's sports, the policy said.
The vote by the association's Council of Presidents was 20-0, ESPN reported.
Kelley Robinson, president of the Human Rights Campaign, which advocates for LGBTQ rights, criticized the policy as a "cowardly decision that enables discrimination."
The NAIA has 83,000 athletes at 250 schools while NCAA has more than 500,000 athletes at 1,100 member schools, according to their respective websites.
The NCAA transgender policy, opens new tab requires transgender athletes to have undergone testosterone suppression treatment for at least one year and to test below certain levels at different times of the year.
The International Olympic Committee policy, opens new tab allows each sporting federation to set its own regulations.
For example, in 2022, the swimming regulator FINA said transgender women must have suppressed male puberty before age 12 or must not have reached a certain level of male puberty.
That policy was announced shortly after University of Pennsylvania swimmer Lia Thomas, a transgender woman who had recently transitioned, won the NCAA 500-yard freestyle championship, which critics labeled unfair.
Last month, more than a dozen female athletes sued the NCAA for allowing Thomas to compete, alleging the transgender participation policy violated their civil rights under Title IX, the federal law banning discrimination based on sex in education.