Almonds can help support the gut microbiome, study claims

Almonds can help support the gut microbiome, study claims

ISLAMABAD, (Online) - We are still learning about the human microbiome, the 10–100 trillion microorganismsTrusted Source living in our bodies, primarily in the human gut. Piece by piece, researchers are putting together how this vast and tiny universe operates, and how it influences our health.

An important player in gut health appears to be butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that supports the health of the microbiome itself. Dr. Alice Creedon explained to Medical News Today:

“Butyrate is important to gut health, as it acts as the primary source of fuel for the cells of the colon, allowing them to function correctly and optimally. It is also involved in signaling to the gut to initiate the process of nutrient absorption.”

“In addition,” said Dr. Creedon, “butyrate produced in the gut can enter the bloodstream where it is involved in the regulation of health in other areas of the body, such as the liver, brain, and lungs.”

Dr. Creedon is a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Nutritional Studies at King’s College London. She is also the first author of a new study exploring the value of almonds as a means of supporting the microbiome’s supply of butyrate.

The study demonstrates that eating a healthy handful of almonds each day promotes the production of butyrate.

It appears in The American Journal of Clinical NutritionTrusted Source. The research was funded by the Almond Board of California. The importance of butyrate

Dr. Creedon’s research documents the benefits of eating about 56 grams, or 2 ounces, of almonds daily — that amounts to about 46 almonds.

“Butyrate supports the gut barrier, which keeps bacteria and other microbes from entering your blood. In doing so, butyrate can help to reduce inflammation, manage conditions like IBS [irritable bowel syndrome], and decrease gastrointestinal discomfort like bloating,” Allison Tallman, a registered dietitian nutritionist, told MNT.

“Butyrate is produced through the fermentation of fiber in the colon. Therefore, increasing fiber in the diet, such as in almonds, increases butyrate levels, which has a positive effect on our gut health,” said Tallman.

Almonds pros and cons

Speaking of the nutritional value of almonds, Tallman further noted that:

“Almonds are packed with various nutrients in one serving, such as 4 grams of fiber, 13 grams of ‘good’ unsaturated fat, 1 gram of saturated fat, and 50% daily value of vitamin E, and can easily be incorporated into our diet in a variety of ways.”

Yet these seeds do come with some caveats for environmental health. According to data provided by the Almond Board of California in 2016, approximately 80% of the world’s almonds are grown in California.

The crop consumes a sizable chunk of the state’s annual water supply, a concern for some in light of recent climate conditions. A 2019 study found that growing one almond kernel requires about 12 liters of water.

Still, the same study found that while almonds require substantial amounts of water, “[i]n relation to dietary benefits, almonds were among the top three foods analyzed providing the greatest nutritional benefit per unit weights.”

Snacking for results

The participants in the current study were 87 healthy adult females and males, ranging in age from 18 to 45 years. They self-reported eating snacks regularly, at least two a day, and that they were not on a moderate- or high-fat diet of over the recommended 22 grams of fat daily.

For the study, the researchers divided participants into three groups, differentiated by the food with which they replaced their habitual snacks.

One group ate two portions of 28 grams of whole almonds each per day, while another group had two portions of 28 grams of ground almonds daily. The final control group ate muffins that delivered an equivalent amount of energy to the body as the almonds. The trial period was 4 weeks.

At the end of the trial, researchers found that the almond groups had significantly higher levels of butyrate in their fecal matter than did the control group, 24.1 micromoles per gram rather than 18.2 micromoles per gram.

There was no significant difference between groups in gut symptoms, gut transit time — the amount of time it takes for food to enter and exit the digestive system — or stool consistency.

In addition, all three groups had a similar abundance of fecal bifidobacteriaTrusted Source, with no evident differences in gut microbiota at the phylum level or in terms of diversity.